Plastic extruder

Plastic Extruder

Introduction of Plastic Extruder

Plastic extruder is a commonly used equipment for plastics processing by heating and melting the plastic material and extruding it into the desired shape by extrusion pressure. Plastic extruder has a wide range of applications in the plastic products industry, including the production of plastic pipes, plates, profiles and so on.

In this article, we will introduce the working principle, structural composition, operation process and application areas of plastic extruder.

Working Principle

The working principle of plastic extruder can be simply described as follows: plastic pellets are added into the hopper of the extruder, the plastic is melted through the frictional heating and rotation of the screw, and pushed to the exit of the screw barrel, and finally formed into the desired shape through the die.

Specifically, the working principle of a plastic extruder includes the following key steps.

1. Charging: Plastic pellets are put into the hopper of the extruder.

2. Melting: The extruder is started and the screw begins to rotate, pushing the plastic pellets into the heating zone. In the heating area, the plastic pellets are heated by the friction of the screw and gradually melted into plastic melt.

3. Extrusion: The molten plastic is pushed by the screw and extruded to the outlet of the screw barrel. At this time, the extruder is equipped with a screen changer plate or alloy mesh net package for filtering out unqualified plastic particles or impurities.

4. Molding: The extruder extrudes the molten plastic into the desired shape through the die head. The die head can be designed according to the requirements of the product, such as manufacturing plastic pipes, plates, profiles, etc.

The structure of a plastic extruder usually consists of the following parts.

1. Hopper: a container for plastic pellets.

2. Screw and screw barrel: The screw is located in the screw barrel and heats the plastic pellets from the hopper to the extrusion section by means of rotation and pushing.

3. Heating zone: The zone that provides thermal energy to heat and melt the plastic pellets. Typically, the heating zone is supplied with heat by means of electric heating elements or heating oil.

4. Extrusion head: The part that extrudes the molten plastic into the desired shape. The extrusion head usually consists of a die head, a mold, and an alloy mesh netting package.

5. Control system: Used to control the operation of the whole extruder, including temperature control, speed control, pressure control and so on.

Operation flow

The operation process of plastic extruder can be briefly summarized in the following steps.

1. Preparation: Make sure the extruder and related equipment are in normal working condition, check whether the plastic pellets in the hopper are sufficient.

2. Start the extruder: Turn on the power, start the extruder and wait for the heating area to warm up to the set temperature.

3. Charging: Put the plastic pellets into the hopper of the extruder.

4. Melting and extruding: The screw starts to rotate, pushing the plastic pellets into the heating zone. The molten plastic is pushed by the screw and extruded into the outlet of the screw barrel and through the extrusion head to form the desired shape.

5. Adjustment of parameters:According to the requirements of the product, the temperature, extrusion speed, pressure and other parameters of the extruder are adjusted to ensure the quality of the product.

6. Production inspection: Regularly check the running status of the extruder to ensure that the equipment works properly and the product quality meets the requirements.

7. Shutting down and cleaning: After the production is finished, shut down the extruder and related equipments, clean the screw and screw barrel and other parts of the extruder.

Application areas: Plastic extruder is used in plastic products industry.

Plastic extruder has a wide range of applications in the plastic products industry, including but not limited to the following areas.

1. Plastic pipes: Plastic extruders are commonly used to produce various types of plastic pipes, such as PVC pipes, PE pipes and so on.

2. Plastic sheet: through the plastic extruder can produce a variety of plastic sheet, such as PVC board, PP board, etc..

3. Plastic profiles: Plastic extruder can also be used to manufacture a variety of plastic profiles, such as plastic door and window profiles, plastic decorative profiles and so on.

4. Plastic film: plastic extruder can be used to manufacture various plastic films, such as PE film, PET film and so on.

In short, plastic extruder plays an important role in the plastic processing industry, through its efficient and stable production capacity to meet the needs of different plastic products. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, plastic extruder will continue to play a greater role in the future.